Few jewels possess a story as controversial as the Koh-i-Noor diamond. This 106-carat wonder has captivated the hearts and minds of countless individuals for centuries, but it also carries with it a sinister reputation – the Curse of the Koh-i-Noor. In this article, we will delve into the rich history of this fabled gemstone, explore the legends surrounding its curse, and separate fact from fiction.
The history of the Koh-i-Noor diamond
The journey of the Koh-i-Noor, which means “Mountain of Light” in Farsi, dates back thousands of years. It is believed to have originated in India, possibly from the Golconda mines, renowned for producing some of the world’s most exceptional diamonds. It passed through the hands of numerous rulers and empires, including the Mughals, Persians, Afghans, and the British, where it has remained since.
The timeline of the curse:
- Mughal Era (17th Century):
Legend has it that the Koh-i-Noor was originally mined in India and was owned by various Mughal emperors. It is said to have brought both great wealth and misfortune to its possessors, including wars, assassinations, and political intriguue. - The Curse of Shah Jahan (17th Century):
Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal, is believed to have owned the Koh-i-Noor before it was passed down to his son, Aurangzeb. Some legends suggest that Shah Jahan invoked a curse upon anyone who possessed the diamond, predicting that it would bring misfortune to future rulers. - Transfer to Persia (18th Century):
The diamond passed into the hands of Persian ruler Nader Shah in the early 18th century after he invaded India. Its journey to Persia is also associated with tales of bloodshed and violence. - The Afghan Rulers (18th and 19th Centuries):
After Nader Shah’s assassination, the diamond was claimed by Ahmad Shah Durrani, also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali, and it remained in the possession of Afghan rulers. The curse was said to continue during this period. - Acquisition by the British (19th Century):
In 1830, Shah Shuja Durrani, an Afghan ruler who had been living in exile in India, gave the Koh-i-Noor diamond to the British East India Company. This event is not directly associated with a curse, but it marked the diamond’s transfer to British ownership. We’ll talk about it a bit more below. - British Royal Family (19th Century – Present):
The Koh-i-Noor was subsequently presented to Queen Victoria, who had it recut and set in a brooch and then crown. It had been a centre-stone of a bracelet before. While it has been worn by several British monarchs, including Queen Victoria, Queen Alexandra, and Queen Elizabeth (the Queen Mother), it is also associated with a series of controversies and tragedies within the British royal family.
Koh-i-Noor and the British Empire
As mentioned above, the diamond was obtained by the British East India Company from Shah Shuja Durrani, an Afghan ruler who had been living in exile in India. Shah Shuja Durrani had initially sought British assistance to regain his throne in Afghanistan, and as part of a treaty, he agreed to cede the Koh-i-Noor diamond to the British in 1830. At the time, he was in financial need, and his decision to part with the diamond was made voluntarily, though some historians argue that it may have been done under duress due to his political situation.
We all can draw our own conclusions whether the British keenly encouraged (a diplomatic way of saying blackmailed) the Shah to part with the diamond, or whether he felt magnanimous that day. Regardless, it was a bad decision. He did not regain the throne, and was assassinated in murky circumstances.
The curse continues
Despite its dazzling beauty, the Koh-i-Noor has been associated with a series of tragedies and mishaps for the British.
Queen Victoria, who wore it proudly, experienced great personal sorrow during her reign. We know this because we’ve covered some darker jewellery trends she had championed, including mourning jewellery.
Similarly, Queen Elizabeth, who had the diamond set in her own crown, faced controversies and challenges during her time as ruler. This included the public questioning the relevance of the monarchy in general.
Dispelling the curse?
In recent years, the British royal family has displayed the Koh-i-Noor in the Tower of London, seemingly unbothered by its supposed curse. Some argue that the curse is merely a product of superstition and coincidence, while others maintain that the diamond’s history cannot be ignored.
But to quite a few, the curse is not the scary part. What revolts many is its connection to colonialism and abuse of power that is so blatantly ignored by the monarchy. Is the diamond really that mesmerising that the cost of colonialism can be swept under the rug? Many protest and actively call upon the British royals to give the diamond back to India, so that its cultural and historical significance to the country can continue to be celebrated there.
It’s easy to understand why the British monarchy avoids this problematic topic. If they return the Koh-i-Noor, this could set a precedent, leaving the walls of the British Museum and beyond vastly empty.
But, should they be? Are colonial conquest displays still ok?
Conclusion
The Koh-i-Noor diamond is more than just a glittering gemstone; it’s a symbol of power, wealth, and to many – colonialism. The curse that surrounds it, whether real or imagined, continues to be a subject of fascination and debate. While the world may never know the true extent of the Koh-i-Noor’s influence, its story serves as a testament to the enduring mystique of precious stones and the power they hold over human imagination. Whether you believe in curses or not, one thing is certain – the Koh-i-Noor diamond will forever shine as one of the world’s most enigmatic treasures.
Where do you think is the true home of the Koh-i-Noor diamond?
My personal opinion is stated through the jewellery I am wearing to visit the Tower of London, and the Jewel House where the Koh-i-Noor is kept. One guard commented that my choice was “bold”, but I felt it was on theme, considering the origin of most of the jewels.
